You might check out this Quick Player Reference Sheet as well:
For Banes, as with Boons and EVERYTHING you do with Open Legend, it is all about Fluff. It would be easier if you mentioned some of the major attributes or a little info about the character, but to give you an idea of using banes, here’s a few Heromuster sheets with the Fluff/Flavor filled out:
The last 4 listed actions are all Banes (the actually bane listed on the far right)
All but the 1st action are Banes
All but the 1st action are banes
If you Blind a target, then your allies go, the target has 3 less guard, and disadvantage 5 to all their actions.
If you knockdown a target right before the melee guy goes, the melee gets advantage, plus the guy has to spend half their movement to stand up (which means they can’t use their move action to resist other banes if they are on them)
If you Stun an enemy, they are limited to only 1 type of action, meaning less they can do and no focus action
If you Persistent Damage an Enemy, they take extra damage at the start of their turn.
Just read through the effects of the banes and you can start to see their use in combat (and out of combat).